1st+Hour+Group+5

= Prohibition(bootlegging) -Matt, Skye, Dustin- = ===1920s’ Prohibition, restriction of the production, sale manufacturing, transportation, importation, and exportation of alcoholic beverages began when the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution went into effect on January 16, 1920. The Volstead Act popular name for the National Prohibition Enforcement Act had been passed on October 28, 1919. Enacted to enforce the Eighteenth Amendment, which was ratified on January 16, 1919, the Volstead Act superseded existing prohibition legislation in 33 states. The Anti-Saloon League, the strong prohibition lobby group, was instrumental in securing the bill’s passage over President Woodrow Wilson’s veto. Founded in Oberlin, Ohio by evangelical Protestant men in 1893 the Anti-Saloon League organized nationally in 1895===  Manufacturing moonshine in the prohibition era was a big part in bootlegging. The recipe for moonshine is corn meal, sugar, yeast and water the recipe was put in a in a clean oak 50 gallon barrel warm water was added till it was 2/3 of the way full and then held at a temp. of 75 to 80 degrees for fermentation. In about five to seven days the mash juice from the mash was strained into the cooking still which was a copper wash boiler. A copper goose neck was attached copper tubing that was coiled to a 50 gallon barrel. The barrel was kept full of cold water. The stills were usually by a creak or river for this reason. The barrel would sit on a small fire till it started to evaporate. This is when the moonshine would be begun to come out of the bottom of the barrel. They then would begin to fill jugs up with the moonshine to be ready for transportation. Each process produces up to 3 gal. of moonshine . tampaxip.com
 * __Manufacturing-__ Dustin**
 * //vintage period .com//**

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Transportation - Skye

media type="custom" key="26012796" width="368" height="368" Restrictions on the transportation of alcohol during the 1920’s- 30’s began when they passed the 18th amendment on the constitution. It went into effect January 16, 1920. There were a lot of bootleggers and rum runners; they were smugglers, who crossed different state boarders, Chicago’s Al Capone and his organization were considered glamorous figures, supposedly, half of the city’s cops were on their payroll. Moonshine was illegally produced and illegally transported but mainly in the south and Appalachia. The producers and smugglers mainly used the name “moonshine” to avoid detection.

Al Capone was one of the main transporters of illegal alcohol. He moved to Chicago in the 1920’s there he worked for Johnny Torrio. He had to convince speakeasy operators to buy illegal alcohol from Torrio. In 1925 Torrio was nearly killed by a rival gang so he decided to leave the criminal world and he left his business to Al Capone. Within 2 years Capone made a earning of $60 million a year but just from alcohol sales alone. Finally in 1931 the law caught up with Capone and they only charged him for tax evasion. He got 11 years in jail.

Men- The men would still go to pubs and saloons and they would drink the night away even though it was illegal to drink. Sometimes the men would come home drunk and they would abuse their wives and their children. Women- During the prohibition era woman started to drink more than what they used to do. They drank with the men and they kept up to them. When the men drank it meant that they would more than likely abuse their wives and their children. The women finally got tired of it and they organized themselves into groups such as the National Women's Christian Temperance Union. They pushed a ban on alcohol. Finally, on January 17, 1920 they got their wish. The 18th amendment went into affect banning the sale of alcoholic beverages. The 19th amendment gave the women the right to vote it was ratified on August 18, 1920 with their new found freedom and empowerment came with additional challenges. Female alcoholism became a huge problem, because more women had access to drink in a way they never have before. Lower Class- They found it that alcohol was more expensive because of the shortness of legal supply. and therefore the working-class consumption declined. The saloons closed down and the source of potential temptation to working-class drinking was removed. They usually found whatever source of alcohol they could for cheap and drank at home. Beer was the working-class saloon drink. Beer dropped and the more compact form of alcohol, spirits, rose in popularity.

Middle Class- They were not known as heavy drinkers they were known as light drinkers. They were able to afford the higher priced illegal booze. It became fashionable to drink cocktails in one's home or at parties. Young women were among those who drank more in conformity with the image of the "flappers" and as part of the rise in mass society in the 1920's.

Upper Class- Upper class women were no longer concerned with political equality. They wanted social equality instead. They thought they had the right to enjoy themselves socially as much as men did whether it is with drinking or sex or their nightlife. They wanted to be as equal as men. The women were known as the "flappers." They gleefully defined the many long standing ideas about American womanhood. They did this by demonstrating social equality. They also redefined acceptable social behaviors by the way they dressed and their new found fascination with drinking.



Matt-

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Transportation of the alcohol

They did this thing called rum running. This is when they transport the alcohol from Canada and make stops in major towns where they would sell the alcohol and then they would end in Mexico. Rum running is a term just like smuggling but it refers to transportation of alcohol over water, and bootlegging refers to smuggling over land.

This is a picture of how much alcohol they would load ships or trucks up with.



[|www.finnishheritagemuseum.org]

They would take a ship loaded with alcohol and depart from Canada and take it to major cities closest to Canada. They then would load it up into trucks and distribute it throughout the nation. Once the Volstead act was passed rum running and bootlegging started spreading like wildfires.

[|flinnhistoryperiod7.wikispaces.com]

This is how a typical Rum run went. After they unloaded the boat into as many cars as all the booze would go into they would go distribute it to different speakeasies all over the town.



This is where they delivered the booze when they were done with the transportation method.